“Atoms for Peace” turns 60

December 8 marks the 60th anniversary of President Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” speech at the United Nations calling for nonmilitary uses of nuclear energy.  It led to a vast government-industry campaign to export the technology of nuclear power, perhaps most ironically to Japan (but also India, Israel, South Africa, Iran and Pakistan), whose cities had been the first recipients of American innovations in the field of atomic fission.  Coinciding with “Project Candor,” a domestic propaganda blitz about the Red menace, the speech combined saber rattling with Cold War platitudes about peace-and-freedom as the Pentagon proceeded to acquire a colossal nuclear arsenal.  Among other visions with more advertising value than realistic promise, the program foresaw a nuclear fuel reprocessing system that would direct plutonium away from bombs towards reactors. But that turned out to be a pipe dream, far too expensive and prone to weapons proliferation.  The legacy today? Thousands of kilograms of highly enriched uranium and tens of thousands of kilograms of plutonium have accumulated overseas–so much that a comprehensive inventory eludes federal auditors.  Hundreds of tons of this weapons-usable material are simply unaccounted for. More than 260 tons of plutonium are stored around the world with no good place to go.  Great Britain is up to its arse in Pu, with 120 tons (nearly 140 by 2018) in a 10-story-high warehouse the size of a soccer pitch at Sellafield.  Its best paying customer for long-term shelf space? Japan, of course.

“Who can doubt, if the entire body of the world’s scientists and engineers had adequate amounts of fissionable material with which to test and develop their ideas, that this capability would rapidly be transformed into universal, efficient, and economic usage.”–Dwight D. Eisenhower, December 8, 1953

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